Capital gains statement: get it from your broker

A capital gains statement (sometimes called a tax P&L or capital gains report) is a report from your broker, demat platform or mutual fund that lists every sale in the tax year with the buy date, sell date, buy value, sell value and the gain, split into short-term and long-term. You download it from the platform you traded on, then check it against your AIS before you file.

The rules for gains, such as the 12-month and 24-month holding periods and the rates, are in short-term vs long-term capital gains. The figures there are TaxCare's signed-off rules for the tax year 2025-26. The tax year 2026-27 figures are provisional.

What the statement should show

A good statement has one row per sale, and for each row:

For a capital gain, costs spent wholly and exclusively on the transfer, such as brokerage, are deducted from the sale value. Securities transaction tax (STT) is not one of them.

Capital gains need the sale date as well as the buy date because the rate changed for transfers on or after 23-Jul-2024: short-term gains on listed shares 20% (from 15%), long-term 12.5% (from 10%).

Where to get it

For shares

Log in to your broker's website or app and look in the reports or tax section for a capital gains, tax P&L or tax report for the tax year (1 April to 31 March). Most platforms let you pick the year and download a spreadsheet or PDF. If you traded through more than one broker, download one from each.

For mutual funds

Ask the fund house, or the registrar that keeps its records, for a capital gains statement for the tax year. Most offer it online with your folio number or PAN, and email it to you. Get one per fund house if you invest across several. Debt funds, equity funds and other schemes are listed with their dates and gains.

For other assets

For property, gold or foreign shares, there is no broker statement. You use the sale deed, purchase deed, bank statements, improvement receipts and valuation documents. A Tax Expert can help with these.

Check it against the AIS

Your AIS lists the sale of securities and mutual fund units reported by brokers, registrars and depositories (the category "Sale of securities and units of mutual fund"), and purchases as well. Compare:

• The total sale value in the statement with the AIS rows.
• Any sale that appears in AIS but not in your statement, or the other way round.
• Dividends on your holdings, which appear under the dividend category.

The AIS shows sale values, not your gain, so it cannot replace the statement. If the AIS shows a sale you did not make, give feedback on it. See how to give feedback on wrong AIS entries.

Common gaps in the statement

• Missing cost. If you transferred shares in from another account, or got them as a gift, bonus or inheritance, the broker may not know the original cost or date. Use your old contract notes or ask a Tax Expert how the cost is worked out.
• Grandfathering. For listed shares and equity fund units bought on or before 31-Jan-2018 and sold long-term, the cost is the higher of the actual cost and the lower of the market value on 31-Jan-2018 and the sale value. Check whether the statement did this.
• Corporate actions. Splits, bonuses and mergers can change cost and quantity.
• Different year. A sale on 31 March can fall in a different tax year from the settlement.
• Specified mutual fund units. Gains on specified debt-oriented funds bought on or after 1-Apr-2023 are treated as short-term whatever the holding period, and taxed at slab rates. The same applies to market-linked debentures, whenever bought.

How to report the gains

1. Add up the short-term gains on listed shares and equity funds (taxed at 20%).
2. Add up the long-term gains on listed shares and equity funds. The first ₹1,25,000 is exempt, the rest is taxed at 12.5%.
3. Report other gains, such as debt funds, property, gold, separately.
4. Set off losses as the rules allow, and carry forward the rest if you file on time.
5. File ITR-2 (or ITR-3 if you have business income too), unless your only capital gain is long-term on listed equity within ₹1,25,000, when ITR-1 can be used.

Example: your salary is ₹15,00,000, you use the new regime, and your statement shows a short-term gain of ₹40,000 and a long-term gain of ₹2,00,000 on listed equity, both for the tax year 2025-26. Short-term tax is 20% of ₹40,000 = ₹8,000. Long-term tax is 12.5% of (₹2,00,000 − ₹1,25,000) = ₹9,375. Together ₹17,375, plus 4% cess, the gains add ₹18,070 to your tax. ITR-1 allows only a long-term gain on listed equity within ₹1,25,000, so this return needs ITR-2.

Intraday and F&O

Intraday equity trades and futures and options are not capital gains. They are business income. Brokers give a separate profit and loss statement. They need ITR-3. For F&O, TaxCare works out turnover as the total of the profits and the losses on each trade, both counted as positive amounts, plus premium received on options sold where it is not already counted. For the tax year 2025-26 a tax audit applies when business turnover is above ₹1 crore, or above ₹10 crore when cash receipts and cash payments are each within 5%. Whether you need an audit is for a Tax Expert to confirm.

See which ITR form should I file.

Keep these

Keep the statement, contract notes, folio statements and your working for at least as long as the return can be reopened. Filed returns and records are kept by TaxCare for six years from filing.

How TaxCare helps

TaxCare brings in the share and fund sale rows that appear in your AIS, helps you match them with your statement, classifies each gain as short-term or long-term, applies the rate and the ₹1,25,000 exemption, and chooses ITR-2 or ITR-3 when needed. Nothing is submitted until you approve. For missing costs or property, a Tax Expert can help. See pricing.

This guide gives general information and is not professional tax advice.